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Hold Your Horses - What to expect from mares in spring

HOLD YOUR HORSES - what to expect from mares in early spring                                         

The standardbred industry breeding season traditionally began foaling from 1st September & breeding from the 1st October – a regime that suits the natural cycle of all mares in the southern hemisphere. In recent years it was changed - foaling from 1st August; breeding from 1st September!!!

In the thoroughbred industry this August / September regime is normal protocol & is effective because many owners are prepared to keep their dry mares under lights from the shortest day in June to encourage the mares to start cycling earlier in the season. Some mare owners may not be inclined to go to this expense, but it is increasingly being used by breeders wishing to breed an early foal for competitions such as futurities.


Mares examined in September will fall into four categories:

PREGNANT - Obviously they must foal before breeding them again. These mares are not affected by the time of year.


ANOESTROUS- These are mares that have not recognised that the breeding season has begun. They have not cycled since the previous summer and have no corpus luteum. Prostaglandin only works by getting rid of a corpus luteum so there is no point in giving it & it may even be detrimental. There is basically nothing that can be done with these mares except to wait until they are ready to cycle on their own.

SPRING OESTRUS - These mares have recognised that it is spring & have started showing. They are in season for prolonged periods often with small follicles that will not ovulate. This is nature’s cleaning period; their cervixes are relaxed so they can drain any excess fluid & they have an acid uterine environment which encourage them to clear naturally any bacterial uterine infections that they may have carried over from the previous season. These mares will show to the stallion. This is the one that brings owners & stud masters unstuck because it can last for prolonged periods. Owners see them showing (interpret this behaviour as cycling) & don’t understand why they cannot be bred. There are things that can be done to shorten this period. Cumates & ovulatory drugs may bring on an ovulation but they shorten nature’s cleaning efforts & the resultant fertility can be low. Most mares have a much higher fertility on their second cycle of the spring.New

DIOESTRUS - These mares (a small percentage) have already begun to cycle (ovulated) & are ready for prostaglandin. They will be ready to breed when they come into oestrus. This is the stage we expect to find in mares kept under lights. In a small percentage of cases the corpus luteum seen on scanning may be from mares that have cycled early in winter or throughout the winter. Occasionally these mares switch off at the start of spring & are very difficult to get cycling again.


Most of these problems are overcome by starting scanning for the breeding season in October. If you are paying your veterinarian for individual scans (ie your mare is not at a stud & under contract) significant veterinary fees could be incurred in September without achieving anything for breeding the mare.


It is recommended to start getting your empty mares examined in October when the incidence of spring oestrus will be much lower. Good luck to all breeders for the current breeding season.


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By Jai Warner 13 Aug, 2021
ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING FOR BROOD MARES ADVANTAGES Dry mares will cycle earlier, avoiding the inconvenience of spring oestrus early in the breeding season (spring oestrus is constant cycling without producing a good follicle or ovulating) and anoestrus (small). Both conditions can be difficult and expensive to treat. Wet mares will have their gestation period reduced by about 10 days while still producing a normal size foal. Foaling mares will have their foal heat at about five days, allowing them to be re-cycled earlier and covered at 12-14 days. (However, the natural cleansing period after foaling is affected.) HOW DO WE DO IT? The lighting system must achieve the equivalent of 16 hours of daylight per day. In practical terms this means switching on the lights one hour before dusk and switching them off at midnight. A good system will have the lights on a timer that switches the lights off at midnight and opens a gate to allow the mares back in to their paddocks. Another way to achieve this amount of light (and reduce the electricity cost) is to give one hour of light at 9.5 hours after sunset. To do this, check the weather segment in the daily media (television or newspaper) which will state the time of sunset for the following day. For example – if the sunset is at 5.15pm the lights will need to be turned at 2.45am and off at 3.45am. BUT – for the program to be successful you MUST keep track of the sunset time and adjust the light switch timer accordingly. Longer periods of lighting and/or continuous lighting are expensive and can be counterproductive. THE GOOD NEWS! Previous recommendations have been 7 foot candles (= 70 lux) ** of light at hoof level. Recent research indicates that the amount of light required may not be as much as previously thought - just enough light to illuminate the area will be sufficient and the lights are only required for 35 days from 21 st June. RUGS Rugs will keep the dry mare stress free during the colder months, thereby helping them to cycle earlier. Similarly, rugging will reduce the stress for in foal mares, and may reduce the risk of abortion. They can also be stabled, but DO NOT be tempted to leave the lights on all night, as this will upset the dark / light balance. WHEN TO BEGIN Light “treatment” must be commenced from the 21 st June (the shortest day of the year) and continue until early September. **** One foot candle is a standard measure of intensity of illumination and is the amount of light from one candle in a one foot radius at ground level. In other words, 7 foot candles will allow enough light for your mare to read the racing results.  Recent research indicates the amount of light required is not as much as previously thought and the lights can be turned off after thirty-five (35) days. Just enough light to illuminate the area will be sufficient.
By Jai Warner 09 Jun, 2021
LIGHT READING ANOTHER HORSE OWNER IS BORN  So you've bought yourself a yearling? Congratulations, you're in for a lot of fun. The breaker confides that he likes your filly very much. Words and phrases like 'Intelligent', 'smart on her feet', 'quick learner' and 'lovely mover' come forth. He broke in last years Oaks winner and your filly is at least as good as she was at the same stage. If anything yours is better. How easy is this? Your trainer isn't the sort of bloke who gets carried away, he tells you, but honestly this filly could be anything. He doesn't want to get your hopes up too high, but he suggests you buy her younger brother before your barrier trials. And by the way have you paid up for her for the Slipper? Make sure you do. Months later your trainer has her moving along at three-quarter pace. Words like 'freak', 'champion' and 'do you remember a filly that used to race called Toy Show', come down the phone lines, even though he reminds you that he's trained so many winners he can't remember. He adds that 'mum's the word' and not to tell anyone, even your own mother about her ability or she'll start in the red at her first race. He rings you one day. You nearly have a heart attack getting to the phone, she's a little shin sore. Nothing to worry about. We could persevere and race her, but she's too good to risk. We'll put her away for the big races later on. You plan your holidays from work so you are free around Golden Slipper time. The day arrives. She's entered in a barrier trail. You're there with the wife and kids, new binoculars and stop watch around the neck. You spot her before the trial. To your untrained eye she looks a bit like Bint Marscay, only bay. The trainer calls you over and divulges that 'you don't get any money for barrier trials'. You don't want to show her up do you? You'll get a better price for her if she lobs along behind then and gets a bit of experience. Of course she runs last. The trainer gives you the impression that he's delighted with the run. He introduces the jockey who rode her. He squeaks out something you don't quite catch and the trainer beams. So you beam. Now the big day comes. She's entered in a Maiden at Gatton and you can hardly contain yourself when she's quoted a 25/1 in the paper before the race. You do a few quick calculations in your head and dollar signs drown your thoughts of what you are going to do with all the winnings. You buy a new suit and tie to match your filly's racing silks. You later discover that you are the only person at a Gatton wearing a tie. You meet the trainer half and hour before the race and for the first time you notice he has a nervous twitch. You notice a sense of hesitancy, an aura of tentativeness about him that you hadn't noticed before. Now phrases like 'it's pretty hard to win first up', 'don't want to knock her about' and 'she'll be improved by the run' flow from his lips. You ask if you should back her. Maybe have something going each way. 'I wouldn't be going mad'. She runs last. 'Kingston Town got beaten at his first start' and 'she's still very green' come from the trainer. ''Is that her back there' and 'why didn't she win' come from the kids, and 'we could have had a pool for the cost of this animal' comes from the wife. Like a parent with an ugly child, you just have to make the best of it. Your expectations drop just a smidgen. Instead of the Golden Slipper you leaf through the calendar looking for a maiden at Esk. Your trainer relates the Reckless legend - he had over 200 starts before he won a race. Super - another 199 starts to go. Further training bills and nine runs later things haven't improved. Prior to her first run your cheque for her training expenses was in the return mail, but now you are almost two months behind with the payments. You call the bloodstock agent again. He tells you the market has dropped. It's a pity you raced her, she would have been worth more if she hadn't raced. Didn't the trainer tell you she was a 'cockroach'? By now your enthusiasm hasn't just waned, it's been totally destroyed. Not only have you stopped driving hundreds of miles to see her but you don't even bother listening to her race on the radio or you wouldn't even if they broadcast the Surat meeting. The filly has a spell. And your attitude has changed, instead of insisting that she has nothing but the best, you haggle the agistment property over the rates and suggest they just put her into the back paddock with the sheep. 'She doesn't have to be hand fed in the winter does she?' 'Aren't horses supposed to eat grass'. Perhaps a change of trainer is the answer, someone with a different (and cheaper) training technique, but not some twitchy con man. Your butcher recommends a mate in Ipswich who trains greyhounds but is willing to give racehorses a go. He sounds perfect. And it doesn't really matter that he doesn't have the phone on, you can communicate by letter if need be. He enters her in a race at the Warwick Picnics. This sounds like fun! This is what racing is really all about. People tell you that Robert and Jane Grieve usually go to this meeting. It's supposed to be lot of fun. Picnics from the boot of the Holden, champers and pate. All that sort of thing. You should make a weekend of it. You buy a cravat in your filly's racing colours and turn up in Warwick with the wife and kids. It's pouring rain and the family want to go back to the motel to watch the midday movie. To your untrained eye your filly, which you hadn't seen for three months, looks like a refugee from knackery. She's decidedly thin. But your trainer tells you in broken English that she's as fit as she can be and he's done his best to get excess weight off her. She ran a long last and you get back to the motel in time for Neighbours. The following week you receive a postcard from the trainer telling you he is going to Malta to care for his invalid mother. The filly returns to the agistment farm and your receive a whopping vet bill. You enquire as to how long horses usually live and are told up to 25 years or so. Oh well, just another 22 years to go!!!!!!!!!
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